Key measures highlighted in the Green Demand Policy Playbook:
Carbon pricing, which is critical to level the playing field between green and carbon-intensive commodities, and is most effective when it provides market predictability, reaches a sufficient level to make low- and near-zero-carbon materials competitive, and addresses risks of carbon leakage.
Mandatory mechanisms, such as mandatory quotas and fuel mandates, and embodied carbon intensity limits on industrial products like automotives and on buildings, which have proven powerful tools to create certainty of market scale-up, for example, in aviation in Europe.
Government procurement, in particular green public procurement of green cement and steel.
Financial support mechanisms and government backed intermediaries that help bridge the remaining gap between the price of green commodities and the willingness to pay of potential buyers (especially in value chains that can be sensitive from a social perspective like fertilisers for agriculture), such as subsidies, contracts for difference, and state-backed intermediaries.